Original Article

Formulation and evaluation of delayed release tablets of Omeprazole

Subrata K. Bala^a,*, Sudhansu R. Swain^b

^bDepartment of PEF Formulation, Dr Reddys Laboratories, Bachupally, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, India.

^bMoradabad Educational Trust Group of Institutions Faculty of Pharmacy, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.

*Corresponding Author: Tel.: +918008579373, E-mail: subratabala@drreddys.com

The objective of the study was an attempt to formulate and evaluate delayed release tablets for Omeprazole which is a benzimidazoles anti-ulcer agent and is one of the most widely used drugs for treating mild and severe ulcers. The stability of omeprazole a proton pump inhibitor is a function of pH and it rapidly degrades in acidic medium of the stomach, but has acceptable stability in alkaline conditions. The present study demonstrates that the omeprazole enteric coated granules could be successfully intestine targeted by using pH dependent polymers in different concentrations. The drug and exicipient compatibility study was performed by FT-IR and study revealed that there was no interaction between drug & exicpient. The tablets were evaluated for various parameters like hardness, friability, weight variation, percentage drug content and in-vitro disintegration time, in-vitro dissolution study, drug release kinetic study and stability study. By observing the dissolution profile for all the formulations, F5c was better formulation of all the formulations with drug release in 0.1 NHCL and pH 6.8 phosphate buffer was found to be 0.88% and 98.91% at the end of 60 min and percentage drug content and in-vitro disintegration time 98.8% and 30.16±0.75sec respectively. The kinetic treatment showed that all formulations were followed zero order release kinetics with Fickian diffusion mechanism.

Keywords: Omeprazole, In-vitro disintegration time, In-vitro dissolution study, Drug release kinetic study

Original Article

Synthesis and biological evaluation of some 5-substituted phenothiazine based thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives

Pooja Saini*, Nasiruddin A. Farooqui, T.S. Eswari

IMT College of Medical Sciences, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.

*Corresponding Author: Tel.: +91 7895839002, E-mail address: poojasaini0087@gmail.com

A new series of 1-(3-((phenylimino)methyl)-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)ethanone
(5a-5f) and 4-(10-acetyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)-3-phenylthiazolidine-2,5-dione
(6a-6f) have been prepared by the 5 step process. Structures are confirmed by
spectral analysis. The biological evaluation for the anti diabetic activity has been
performed. From the biological investigation, it is found that out of all the synthesized compounds two showed potent anti diabetic activity.

Keywords: Phenothiazines, Thiazolidine-2,4-dione, Rosiglitazone, Anti-diabetic activity

Original Article

Method development and validation for the simultaneous estimation of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in tablet dosage form by RP-HPLC

Bhanu Pratap*

School of Pharmacy, Bulandshahr College, Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, India

*Corresponding Author: Tel.: +91 08923479189, E-mail address: bhanu29889@gmail.com

A simple, reproducible, efficient, rapid, economical and accurate reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed for simultaneous estimation of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in tablet dosage form. The separation was achieved on symmetry shield RP-8 column (250 x 4.6 mm internal diameter and 5 um particle size). The mobile phase having a fixed composition of Acetonitrile: 20 mM Ammonium acetate buffer: Methanol in the ratio of 29:68:03 were used in this study. The flow rate used was 0.9 ml/min. The effluent was monitored with Photodiode array detector at 225 nm. The retention times for Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide were found to be 3.61 and 6.14 minutes respectively. The developed method was applied for quantitative determination of above drugs in tablet dosage forms and the method was validated with respect to specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy, system suitability, robustness and solution stability. The method was linear over the range of 40-240ug/ml and 6.25-37.5ug/ml for Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide respectively. The mean recovery was found to be in the range of 97-103%. The percentage of relative standard deviation was found to be less than critical value. The method was found to be accurate, precise and selective for simultaneous estimation of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in tablets.

Keywords: Valsartan, Hydrochlorothiazide, Method Validation, RP-HPLC, PDA Detector

Original Article

Analysis of hair care products with reference to antidandruff shampoo market in Moradabad region

Mohd. Akram Khan*, Pooja Saini

^a Moradabad Educational Trust, Group of Institutions–Faculty of Pharmacy, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

*Corresponding Author: Tel.: +91 9639600111, E-mail address: mohd.akramkhan932@gmail.com

In the past few years, Indian beauty has occupied a significant place in the fashion world. Both men and women have started giving importance to personal beauty grooming. As such Indian cosmetic industry, especially the hair care market has risen to productive market. In this paper the researcher tried to focus on the hair care products especially top shampoo companies, major brands. The market share of hair care segment in India is continuously increasing day by day. The shampoo market is dominated by HUL and P&G. The top shampoo brands are Sunsilk, Clinic Plus, Pantene and H&S which are placed in the ‘Stars’ cell of BCG matrix of shampoo brands of India.

Keywords: Hair care products, Market analysis, Antidandruff Shampoo market, Top shampoo companies, Top shampoo brands

Original Article

Synthesis, characterization and biological activities of compounds containing five membered heterocyclic ring system

Bhanu Pratap*, Amit Chaudhary

Bhanu Pratap*, Amit ChaudharySchool of Pharmacy, Bulandshahr College, Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, India.

*Corresponding Author: Tel.: +91 08923479189, E-mail address: bhanu29889@gmail.com

Oxadiazoles are five membered heterocyclic compounds with two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Oxadiazoles are synthesized by ring condensation and rearrangement reactions. In this work oxadiazoles are synthesized from naphthoxy acetic acid. The newly synthesized substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles were characterized by IR, NMR and Mass Spectrometry. The biological evaluation of compound was carried by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the test substances against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Aspergillusniger by liquid broth method of two fold serial dilution technique. The oxadiazole derivatives were also screened for their anticonvulsant activity by pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) method. Anti bacterial activity results revealed that compounds IIIa, IIIc, IIIg, IIIh, IIIi, IIIj showed more than 80% inhibition against V cholerae, Shdysenteriae, Escherschia coli and Klebsiellapneumonae bacterial strains. Synthesised compounds also exhibited anticonvulsant activity in scPTZ seizure model

Keywords: Oxadiazoles, Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial activity, Anticonvulsant activity

Review Article

Phyllanthus amarus: A medicinally essential herb

Rama Shukla^a,*, A.K. Singhai^a, Manu Singhai^a, Sarvesh Sharma^b

^aDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Lakshmi Narain College of Pharmacy, Raisen road Bhopal, M.P. India.

^bDepartment of Biotechnology, Lakshmi Narain College of Pharmacy, Raisen road Bhopal, M.P. India.

*Corresponding Author: Tel: +91-9827335444, E-mail address: shukla.pharma15@gmail.com

Corresponding Author: Tel: +91-98In India, there are about 17000-18000 species of the flowering plants out of which 7000 are mainly used in ayurveda, homeopathy, unani and siddha system. P.amaras is an essential annual herb belongs to the family Phyllanthaceae. The herb is mostly used to treat diseases like jaundice, diarrhoea, scabies, gall stones, wounds, menorrhagia, skin ulcers etc. P.amarus is a kharif annual (monsoon) weed widely distributed in both cultivated and waste lands. This herb has an anti-diuretic, anti-viral, anti-spasmodic, anti-fertility, wound healing activity and anti-diabetic activity etc. The plant has been found in tropical and subtropical areas like southern India, China, Cuba, Nigeria and Philippine. The present review article discusses about the chemical constituents, phytochemicals, pharmacological activity present in the plant and traditional uses of P. amarus.

Keywords: P. amarus, Medicinal essential herb, Phtyochemicals, Pharmacological activity, Traditional uses

Review Article

Solid lipid nanoparticles- Novel drug delivery system – A Review

Manisha P. Khaire*, Sujit S. Patil, Anand P. Kakde, Swati N. Deshmukh

Rasiklal M. Dhariwal College of Pharmacy, Chinchwad, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Chinchwad, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Siddhant College of Pharmacy, Sudumbare, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

*Corresponding Author: Tel: +919881098083, E-mail address: manisha.khaire@gmail.com

Nanotechnology is prominent field in the past few decades due to its wide range of application as a novel drug delivery, in clinical medicine and research. The solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) is an excellent drug delivery system and has broad prospects in the pharmaceutical field. SLN was firstly introduced in 1991 represents an alternative carrier system to traditional carrier system, such as liposome’s, emulsion, microemulsion and nanoparticles. This novel colloidal drug carrier system combines the advantages of traditional drug delivery system by eliminating their disadvantages. This article reviews the present state of the art regarding manufacturing techniques for SLN, advantages and disadvantages, characterization methods and applications in delivery of drug molecules and therapeutic genes.

Keywords: Solid lipid nanoparticles, Colloidal drug carriers, Homogenization, Manufacturing techniques, Polymer, Spray drying

Review Article

A novel method: Phytonics

Sapna A. Kondalkar^a,*, Avinash Kondalkar^b, Anupam Mangal^c, V. Subhose^a

^aRegional Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India.

^bSun Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Lahar, Madhya Pradesh, India.

^cCentral Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, India.

*Corresponding Author: Tel.: +91 9926999761, E-mail: sapna.soni@rediffmail.com

Plants are the most abundant source of crude drugs and many phyto-constituents have been proved to be very potent in the prevention, mitigation and treatment of various ailments. Extract is a substance isolated from plant tissues mostly by treating with a solvent and contains desired constituents but sometimes may have some residue of solvent. A solvent is expected to leach out the desired constituent but to be safe as well as automation and eco-friendly. Mostly organic solvents are used which may affect the health of the patient as well as the environment adversely. Phytonics has served as an ideal process for small as well as large scale extraction based on the use of non-chlorofluoro carbons as solvent and found to be very effective with very few limitations.

Keywords: Phytonics, Phyto- constituents, Non-chlorofluoro carbons, Organic solvents, Automation, Eco-friendly

Review Article

Gall bladder stone animal models

Disha Sharma*

Department of Periodontology, King George’s Medical University (KGMU) Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

*Corresponding Author: Tel.: +91 8960747297, E-mail address: dishasharma.3003@gmail.com

Cholelithiasis is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders. Gallstones are solid calculi shaped by precipitation of supersaturated bile collected of cholesterol monohydrate crystals or by ‘‘black pigment’’ of polymerized calcium bilirubinate. Prophylactic management, is done with the laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Pain control action of acute biliary colic primarily involves pain management with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for narcotic pain relievers. Gallstone disorder has a high popularity rate of 10–15% in grown up in the USA and Europe, but is less in Asia (around 3–15%). There are two types of gall stones: Cholesterol stone: Cholesterol is insoluble in water. As a result, cholesterol emission into bile is very much regulated and once secreted into bile; solubility is guard by cholesterol conveyor. Pigment stone: Pigment gallstones can be classified into two types. The primary type is the brown, earthy stone and consists mainly of calcium bilirubinate and calcium palmitate and develops the infection and biliary stasis. The perfect models should result in reproducible symptoms of gall stone illness such as in rat model gallstone turnout enlarged with infection time. Diverse types of animal models have need to establish the meet the different etiology and thus various manifestations of the gall stone that contain injury and the drug induced models of gall stone. Animal models are present for the expansion of dissimilar type of stone. This review focuses on the different animal models of gall stone in an exhaustive mode.

Keywords: Cholelithiasis, Bilirubinate, Cholesterol, Cholecystectomy, Hepatectomy, Lithogeny chow, Cholecystokinin

Review Article

Herbal remedies for Acne vulgaris–A review

Swati N. Deshmukh^a,*, Rahul K. Dumbre^a, Manisha Khaire^b

^aSiddhant College of Pharmacy, Sudumbare, Pune, India.

^bRasiklal M. Dhariwal College of Pharmacy, Chinchwad, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

*Corresponding Author: Tel.: +91 8888797543, E-mail address: swatindeshmukh@rediffmail.com

Pimples are one of the most common skin disorders worldwide. It occurs on almost 45% teenagers and adults, and is seen in a smaller percentage of young children. Pimples, blackheads, whiteheads and lesions appear in the various oilproducing areas of the body; the face, back, chest, neck, shoulders and upper arms. Most of people use allopathic drug which have more side effect hence need herbal drug treatment. Now, the popularity of the remedies is increasing since people are becoming more aware about the side effects of the chemicals used in conventional treatment. Natural remedies have no such problem and are assured to be completely safe, as the products used for the treatment are purely natural, which most often does not have any side effects. Another unpleasant leftover of pimples are the scars. The natural remedies are supposed to offer permanent cures for scars, if used continuously for longer period of time. Furthermore they can preventively act against future pimples attacks. The traditional medicine systems such as Chinese traditional medicine, Indian engineering online course systemAyurveda, and Kempo – the Japanese medicinal system, are effective in present circumstances too. Many of the alternative medicine systems such as homeopathy also depend on natural remedies for treatment. These remedies are commonly used as topical application, but oral remedies are also available. They can be utilized in different preparation such as poultice, powder, and decoction.

Keywords: Acne vulgaris, Pimple, Traditional medicine